This reserve was established to protect the type locality and only known range of the newly discovered Jocotoco Antpitta (Grallaria ridgelyi). The reserve, which protects an unusually wet area of temperate-zone forest on the east slope of the Andes, is located along the trail to Quebrada Honda below Cerro Tapichalaca.

In addition to the Antpitta, the reserve is also home to other vulnerable restricted range birds such as the Bearded Guan, Golden-plumed Parakeet, Rufous-capped Thornbill , and Masked Saltator. The reserve is also home to the Spectacled Bear and Woolly Mountain Tapir.

The reserve, which includes Cerro Tapichalaca, encompasses approximately 12,000 acres, ranging from an elevation of 6,000 feet to 11,000 feet. It is adjacent to the southern part of Podocarpus National Park, which increases it's conservation value.

The Jocotoco Foundation recently built a lodge for visitors, researchers, and the reserve's guardian. The house is an ideal location from which to see many marvelous birds, animals, and plants.